چکیده : 

Personalized medicine is based on the established principle that each individual is born

with unique biological characteristics. Genomics, the science of studying the genes in a

genome and their interactions with each other, forms the foundation of personalized

medicine. Several genomic methods are currently used to identify susceptibility loci for

diseases or phenotypic traits, namely, linkage analysis, candidate gene association studies,

and genome-wide association studies. The success of personalized medicine depends on

having accurate diagnostic tests capable of identifying patients who can benefit from

targeted therapy. Larger cohort studies plus the application of genome-wide association

studies offer great potential for identifying the genetic factors that influence the pharmacology

of specific drugs. By combining these approaches, physicians can predict health

risks, determine and quantify the dynamics of disease development, and tailor therapeutic

protocols to the needs of the individual. In this review, we focus on the effect of genetic

profiling on disease outcomes as well as the potential of genomic methods to predict

disease and drug response